Fagonia Arabica Linn. (DHANVAYASA)

It is generally accepted that YaSvasa and Duralabha are synonymous. Thakurji described that both have similar properties and may be used in each others place. Bhavamishra explained both these herbs ighantuy but their properties are mentioned as similar. At present A. camelorum and Fagonia arabica Linn are considered as YaSvasa and Duralabha respectively.

Botanical Description – Known as gamda in Egypt, has stipules transformed into spines. It can be a perennial or annual shrub. A variation of the Fagonia Arabica is the shoka el bida, a spiny herb without stem with small leaves and pink flowers. Seen in the desert and at the margins of the wadis and near the water runnels, it is used to treat stomach pain as well as being used alone or mixed with other herbs for severe fevers and mucus. The plant is ground first and then boiled in water and taken as an infusion. The infusion can also be applied to the skin to relieve allergies. There are about 30 species of Fagonia spread in the Mediterranean region, the Sahara, Southwest Asia to Northwest India, Southwest Africa, and Southwest North America.

Uses – The Fagonia in general is a low perennial or rarely annual shrub with many medical uses. Local Bedouins in Egypt use it in several forms to treat illnesses or relieve certain conditions, including psychological disorders.