Arishtaka is not described in Brihat Trayi but described in the nighantus mainly as Arishta. Acharya P.V. Sharmaji consider that S. trifoliatus is south Indian variety and S. mukorossi is north Indian variety.
Major Chemical Constituents– Saponins from Pericarp- hedera-genin & oleanolic acid and sopindic acid, sapindoside A & B, Mukuroziosides, trifolioside II,
Part Used– Fruit
Dosage– Powder 1-3 g.
Research–
(1) Saponins showed high spermicidal activity in both spot and IPPF tests with human semen, with MED of 0.05 and 0.5% respectively (contraception 1976,14,571).
(2) Hederagenin (100 and 200 mg/kg 1 day for 7 days, orally) showed no significant effect on granuloma and exudate formation in rats (granuloma pouch and adjuvant arthritis tests in rats), where as crude saponin (200 mg/kg/day for 21 days, orally) significantly inhibited development of hind paw ocdema associated with adjuvant arthritis in rats, but hederagenin (50-200 mg/kg, orally) did not show same activity (Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1980, 28, 1183).
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